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Fistula

A fistula is an abnormal connection or tunnel that forms between two body parts such as between an organ and the skin, or between two internal organs that don’t normally connect.

It usually forms due to infection, inflammation, injury, or as a complication from surgery or disease.

 

Best Doctors for Anal Fistula Treatment

Dr. S.C. Sharma

Department Head - Proctology

Best General Surgeon in Gurgaon

Dr. Subhash Chandra Sharma is a highly experienced General Surgeon practicing in T.R.U.E Hospitals, Gurgaon, with over 47 years of expertise in the field. Dr. Sharma completed his MBBS in 1978 and MS in General Surgery in 1981, both from Aligarh Muslim University.

He offers a wide range of surgical services, including sebaceous cyst excision, incisional hernia repair, bariatric (gastric bypass) surgery, endosurgery, and various abdominal procedures.

I believe in personalized care, listening closely to each patient, understanding their unique needs, and partnering with them to create the most effective treatment plan.

Available at: T.R.U.E. Hospitals, Gurgaon
Timing: Mon–Sun | ⏰ 24×7 Open

Anal Fistula Treatment - Surgery & Benefits of Operation

Prompt and proper treatment for an anal fistula is essential, as it rarely heals on its own and may lead to complications if ignored. At T.R.U.E Hospitals, our specialized team of doctors offers advanced treatment solutions, including cutting-edge laser surgery, supported by experienced care coordinators and comprehensive post-surgical care.

Types of Anal Fistulas

Anal fistulas are categorized based on their location and the involvement of sphincter muscles:

  • Intersphincteric Fistula: Located between the internal and external anal sphincter muscles; the most common type.
  • Transsphincteric Fistula: Passes through both the internal and external sphincters, often due to a deep abscess
  • Suprasphincteric Fistula: Extends above the internal sphincter; caused by a more complex infection.
  • Extrasphincteric Fistula: Extends beyond the external sphincter, typically resulting from long-standing infections.

    • Treatment Options for Anal Fistula

    Treatment depends on the type and severity of the fistula. While some non-surgical approaches may be recommended for select cases, surgery is often the definitive solution. Below are the common surgical procedures used to treat anal fistulas:


  • 1. Fistulotomy This is the most frequently performed procedure. The fistula tract is opened surgically to allow it to heal from the inside out. The infected tissue is removed, and the area is cleaned. Fistulotomy is highly effective, with a strong success rate and relatively low risk of recurrence. Most patients recover within a few weeks.
  • 2. LIFT Procedure (Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract) The LIFT technique involves identifying and tying off the fistula tract at its source, close to the internal anal sphincter, to prevent further infection and drainage. This procedure preserves the anal muscles, making it a good option for patients where continence preservation is a concern. It’s considered safe and has a low risk of complications.
  • 3. Seton Placement In this minimally invasive procedure, a soft thread-like device (seton) is inserted through the fistula tract to allow continuous drainage and prevent abscess formation. Over time, the seton may be tightened or removed depending on healing progress. Setons are especially helpful in complex or high-risk fistulas.
  • 4. Advancement Flap Procedure This surgery involves covering the internal opening of the fistula with a flap of healthy tissue from the rectum. It’s often used when other techniques aren’t suitable or when muscle preservation is critical. The procedure is safe, effective, and performed under local or general anesthesia.

    • At T.R.U.E Hospitals, we are committed to providing specialized and patient-centric care for conditions like anal fistula. With advanced laser surgery and expert guidance from experienced proctologists, we ensure you receive safe, effective, and timely treatment for long-lasting relief.

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    FAQ About Anal Fistula Surgery

    What causes an anal fistula?

    An anal fistula is usually caused by a previous anal abscess that did not heal properly, resulting in a tunnel between the anal gland and the skin. 

    Can a fistula heal on its own?

    In most cases, no. Fistulas rarely heal without medical or surgical intervention and can worsen over time if left untreated.

    Is fistula surgery painful?

    Modern surgical techniques, including laser and minimally invasive options, make fistula treatment less painful with quicker recovery. Pain management medications are provided post-surgery.

    How long is recovery after fistula surgery?

    Recovery typically takes 1–2 weeks for minor procedures. Complex cases may take longer, and patients are advised to follow hygiene and wound-care instructions closely.

    What happens if a fistula is left untreated?

    • Chronic infection

    • Abscess formation

    • Pain and discomfort

    • In rare cases, serious systemic infections